【九屆通譯杯】大賽輔導-閱讀1

大賽輔導-閱讀1

了解實施背景和世界新聞走向是口譯員的基本必備素養(yǎng)，也是每日功課之一。閱讀新聞，收聽全球媒體新聞播報是很好的途徑。新聞時事的內容固然重要，但同時新聞的敘述方式，行文邏輯也值得思考和學習。通過閱讀新聞，我們可以熟悉生詞，增強自己的詞匯、知識積累，也可以學習更地道的表達方式，devil’s in the details，對于細節(jié)的關注將讓你受益匪淺。

英語專業(yè)的同學們可能對“精讀”這個概念十分熟悉了，這是一種很好的學習外語的方法，但是“精讀”在“精”，不在“多”，閱讀和學習的質量是關鍵。今天跟大家分享一則新聞，并通過精讀的方式進行研學。

原文：

Donald Trump said talks with China were “back on track” after what he called an “excellent” meeting with Xi Jinping at the G20 summit in Osaka.

 “We had a very good meeting with President Xi of China. Excellent, I would say excellent. As good as it was going to be,” Mr. Trump said. “We discussed a lot of things and we’re right back on track. And we’ll see what happens but we had a really good meeting.”

Mr. Trump said at a press conference following the meeting that he had agreed not to impose new tariffs for now. “We agreed that I would not be putting tariffs on $325bn that I would have the ability to put on,” he said.

The US president also appeared to soften his previous stance on Huawei, the Chinese telecoms group. The Trump administration earlier this year put Huawei on the so-called Entity List which made it much harder for US companies to sell to the Chinese company. But Mr. Trump on Saturday said he had decided that “US companies can sell their equipment to Huawei”.

Asked if he was considering removing Huawei from the Entity List, Mr. Trump said: “We are looking at that very carefully.”

G20 leaders have been watching closely to see if the leaders of the world’s two biggest economies could reach an agreement to end a bitter trade war that has escalated over the past year. The two sides were approaching a deal when talks collapsed at the last minute in early May, prompting both sides to blame the other.

The US-China trade truce follows a similar pattern to last year when Mr. Trump and Mr. Xi met at the G20 summit in Buenos Aires in an attempt to find a resolution to a dispute that has seen the imposition of tit-for-tat tariffs on hundreds of billions of dollars of Chinese and American exports.

Trade has been the main focus of this year’s two-day summit. Mr. Xi on Saturday accused rich countries of engaging in protectionism that was “destroying the global trade order”. Shinzo Abe, the Japanese prime minister, recognized that globalization had sparked a “sharp confrontation” between countries, but stressed that governments should ensure that all trade measures complied with World Trade Organization rules.

Mr. Trump told reporters before his meeting with Mr. Xi that the pair had become friends that he believed they would be able to forge an agreement.

“As you know, we’ve had an excellent relationship, but we want to do something that will even it up with respect to trade,” Mr. Trump said. “I think it’s something that’s actually very easy to do.”

“I actually think that we were very close and then?.?.?.?something happened where it slipped a little bit, and now we’re getting a little bit closer,” Mr. Trump added in public remarks to Mr. Xi.

Separately, Mr. Trump on Saturday extended an invitation to meet North Korean leader Kim Jong Un at the demilitarized zone that divides the Korean peninsula when he visits South Korea after the G20.

“After some very important meetings, including my meeting with President Xi of China, I will be leaving Japan for South Korea (with President Moon),” Mr. Trump tweeted. “While there, if Chairman Kim of North Korea sees this, I would meet him at the Border/DMZ just to shake his hand and say Hello (?)!

The White House is making preparations for a meeting by drafting an official invitation which North Korea requested following the tweet, according to a person familiar with the situation.

If Mr. Trump meets Mr. Kim, it would be the third meeting between the two leaders, following their landmark first summit in Singapore last year and a second meeting in Hanoi in February.

精讀分析：

1.       back on track/ be right back on track

回歸正軌，得以繼續(xù)。Track是鐵軌的意思，back on則意味著之前行動或事件的發(fā)展軌跡不盡如人意，在糾正之后回歸正軌，引申為得以繼續(xù)進行的意思。

2.       to impose new tariffs

tariff，關稅；與其相配的動詞impose，意為施加關稅。

3.       to soften one’ s stance on something

soften，軟化；即某人在某事上的立場軟化

4.       so-called

這一用法在口譯實踐中也經常出現(xiàn)，是“所謂的”的意思。E.g. the whole so-called philanthropy ball is all an act to show off his wealth.

5.       a bitter trade war

激烈的貿易戰(zhàn)。這里bitter的用法十分生動形象。除了“苦”，bitter本來就還有激烈的、尖刻的意思。

6.       escalated

升級，通常是指事件更加緊急，情況更加惡略。

7.       tit-for-tat tariffs

tit for tat, 即“以牙還牙”、“針鋒相對”的意思，同樣的意思還可以直譯為an eye for an eye。在本文中，tit-for-tat作為定語，形容兩國之間的關稅措施針鋒相對。

8.       protectionism

保護主義。即以維護本國利益作為是否適用本國法律的依據(jù)；任何侵害了本國利益的人，不論其國籍和所在地域，都要受該國法律的追究， 使其得到該國認為其應有的懲罰。在國際貿易中以保護國內產業(yè)為目的的經濟政策。國際貿易中最常見的保護主義是保護關稅政策。

9.       DMZ

即Demilitarized Zone，非軍事區(qū)。也是大家所熟知的“三八線”，1953年7月27日在經歷將近三年的朝鮮戰(zhàn)爭后，雙方決定于板門店簽署了《韓朝停戰(zhàn)協(xié)定》，自此確立了以38度線及其周圍地區(qū)所組成的朝韓非軍事區(qū)。

10.   The White House

這里的 White House，白宮，通過借代的修辭手法，代指美國政府。同樣的用法在口譯實踐中也經常出現(xiàn)，如用Beijing 代指中國政府等。

參考譯文：

美國總統(tǒng)唐納德?特朗普(Donald Trump)稱，與中國的談判“重回正軌”。他還表示，在20國集團(G20)大阪峰會上與中國國家主席習近平進行了一次“好極了”的會晤。

特朗普稱：“我們跟中國的習主席進行了一次非常好的會晤。好極了，我要說好極了。像預期的一樣好。我們討論了很多事，我們又回到了正軌。接下來我們會看看會發(fā)生什么，但是我們真的進行了一次非常好的會晤?！?/span>

特朗普在會后的一場新聞發(fā)布會上表示，他已同意暫時不加征新的關稅。“我們達成一致，我不會對我本來可以加征關稅的3250億美元（中國商品）加征關稅。”

這位美國總統(tǒng)似乎還軟化了之前對待中國電信設備制造商華為(Huawei)的立場。特朗普政府今年早些時候把華為列入所謂的“實體清單”(Entity List)，大大加大美國公司向這家中國公司銷售產品的難度。但特朗普周六表示，他已決定，“美國公司可以向華為銷售設備”。在被問到是否在考慮將華為移出“實體清單”時，特朗普表示：“我們在非常仔細地考慮這一點。”

G20領導人一直在密切關注世界最大兩個經濟體的元首能否達成協(xié)議，以結束這場在過去一年不斷升級的痛苦的貿易戰(zhàn)。今年5月初，雙方已接近達成協(xié)議，但談判在最后一刻破裂，導致雙方都指責對方破壞談判。

此次美中貿易“休戰(zhàn)”與去年的一幕非常相似：特朗普與習近平去年在布宜諾斯艾利斯G20峰會上舉行了會晤，試圖為這場導致中美兩國數(shù)千億美元出口商品被針鋒相對加征關稅的貿易爭端找到解決方案。

貿易一直是今年為期兩天的G20峰會的主要焦點。習近平周六指責富裕國家采取貿易保護主義，破壞國際貿易秩序。日本首相安倍晉三(Shinzo Abe)承認，全球化在各國之間引發(fā)了“激烈對抗”，但他強調，各國政府應確保所有貿易措施都符合世界貿易組織(WTO)規(guī)則。

在與習近平會晤前，特朗普對記者們表示，兩位領導人已成為了朋友，他認為他們能夠達成一項協(xié)議。

“你們知道，我們的關系很好，但我們希望在貿易方面做些公平的事情，”特朗普表示，“我認為實際上這做起來很容易。”

特朗普在公開談到習近平時補充稱：“實際上我認為我們過去非常親近，接著……發(fā)生了一些事情，關系冷淡了一點，現(xiàn)在我們正變得更親近一點?！?/span>

另外，特朗普在周六發(fā)出邀請，希望在G20會議后訪問韓國時在分割朝鮮半島的朝韓非軍事區(qū)會見朝鮮領導人金正恩(Kim Jong Un)。

 “在進行了一些非常重要的會晤后，包括我與中國習主席的會晤，我將（與韓國總統(tǒng)文在寅(Moon Jae-in)一起）離開日本前往韓國，”特朗普在Twitter上發(fā)布帖子稱，“在那里，如果朝鮮的金委員長看到了這條消息，我愿在邊境/非軍事區(qū)與他會面，只是為了與他握手問個好（？）！”

據(jù)知情人士稱，美國政府正起草一份官方邀請，為兩人的會面做準備，這份官方邀請是朝鮮在特朗普發(fā)表上述帖子后要求的。

如果特朗普會見金正恩，那將是這兩位領導人的第三次會面。去年兩人在新加坡舉行首次里程碑式的會晤，第二次會面是今年2月在河內。